Concepts & Glossary
The vocabulary of Center Study — core concepts treated in depth, and a glossary of 133 working terms with usage drawn from the corpus.
133 terms, each used repeatedly across the corpus, with usage drawn directly from the texts.
A
Aborted gesture of appropriation
in 23 texts“It is this aborted gesture of appropriation, designating the object, but no longer directed at appropriating it, that we postulate as the first sign.”
“The aborted gesture of appropriation, then, restores that fleeting condition of perfect information in a more sustainable form.”
Absolute Imperative
in 20 texts“The absolute imperative is absolute because no imperative can be issued in return by the commanded (no “God get me out of this and I’ll never…”). The absolute imperative is to stand in the place of whomever is violently centralized, i.e., scapegoated.”
“The absolute imperative is to stand in the place of whomever is violently centralized, i.e., scapegoated.”
Abstracting
in 16 texts“Metaphysics aims at abstracting declarative culture from the ostensive-imperative world as completely as possible—metaphysics never comes to an end because this abstraction can never be complete: the world can never be completely described through declarative sentences that are comprised of words that can themselves be defined in declarative sentences without ever having to come to rest upon an ostensively defined word— ultimately, a name.”
“If I keep returning to and abstracting from the center, I head towards the creation of requests to the center that are simultaneously their own answers.”
Abstraction
in 43 texts“It would be better to speak of a drift towards abstraction, rather than toward arbitrariness: the sign is abstract, even the first one, which had to be normed in such a way as to supplement its self-evidence from the very beginning precisely because there was no single way of conveying the intent to cease and desist. But even in this case the abstractions we speak of are marked by the drift, by the disciplinary spaces that have constructed them: in other words, abstraction involves accentuation and abbreviation, which is necessitated by the entrance of outsiders for whom the particular version of the sign current is not self-evident while at the same time making the sign even more difficult for the next outsider to grasp.”
“By now, the forms of embedment defended against abstraction are the results of previous abstractions that have been re-embedded.”
Aesthetics
in 43 texts“Aesthetics is located on the originary scene, in the oscillation of the attention of the participants between the sign put forth by the other and the object. The desire for the object is magnified when the participant’s attention is directed toward it by the gesture of the other; the object then attended to directly is stripped of that desirability, which then has the participant return attention to the sign.”
“Aesthetics is located on the originary scene, in the oscillation of the attention of the participants between the sign put forth by the other and the object.”
Agency
in 84 texts“For originary thinking, agency is deferral.”
“Agency is located in some form of programming while the analog/screenic offers stupefaction.”
Art
in 103 texts“The scene of art is a supplement or direct replacement of the ritual scene, with the art object or happening at the center and the audience at the periphery. The art scene, then, enacts an oscillation between itself and the center, as a site of distribution and modeling of needed practices. So, all art works within, that is, imitates, and displaces some discourse on the center—ritual, myth, prayer, public discussion, interactions in the royal court or, in the modern age, the disciplines scientific, pedagogical, bureaucratic, journalistic, etc., along with privatized modes of self-regulation like diaries and letters.”
“The materials of art are the materials of other areas of life, which also use colors, shapes, surfaces, words, sounds, etc.”
Attentional Space
in 8 texts“Note that the originary hypothesis accounts for the issuing of the first sign by constructing an attentional space that is first of all convergent, and therefore dangerous, and then becomes shared—in this way, we can see attention becoming intention without anyone actually intending for this to happen.”
“Referring to something implicates one in an attentional space: you’re adding to the attentional “load” of something other have been, are, or might be talking about.”
Attentionality
in 10 texts“I have argued previously for the priority of “attentionality” over “intentionality”—attention must precede intention, and “intention” individualizes what is “joint” in attention, making it more of a declarative than an ostensive concept.”
“This is the kind of question my essays on “attentionality” and “mistakenness” were trying to answer.”
Axial Age
in 39 texts“The Axial Age acquisitions, then, restart history by creating centers outside of the imperial one. The Axial Age acquisitions—Greek philosophy, prophetic Judaism and Christianity and even, I think (but probably less so), Chinese philosophy, are both anti-imperial and imperial. They construct a position from which the existing emperor falls short in God’s eyes, which is to say they institute a kind of permanent resentment towards empire; while at the same time imagine an eternal and universal empire under a true, divinely ordained king.”
“At the heart of the Axial Age are the antinomies of the juridical, which take the form of the possibility of an injustice beyond remedy within the justice system.”
B
Big Man
in 127 texts“The Big Man himself emerges out of the process of imperative exchange: in the gift competition, whereby various tribal chiefs try to best each other in showing their ability to provide for the community, the Big Man is the one who so out-gifts the others that the competition is rendered moot.”
“The Big Man is the beginning of history and of all our ethical and political dilemmas.”
Bureaucracy
in 38 texts“The bureaucracy, then, exists in the imperative gap: in what happens between a command being issued and that command being obeyed.”
“Bureaucracy is always called into being when those differences have resisted elimination, or when new, and even more egregious, differences emerge out of the wreckage of the first attempt at differencide.”
C
Capital
in 87 texts“Modern capital is the power to abstract individuals, groups and perhaps most importantly of all, entire disciplines, from the traditions and communities within which they are embedded so as to introduce them into new hierarchies.”
“Capital is so all-embracing and all penetrating that it’s hard to imagine what it would mean to think outside of, or beyond it.”
Center
in 540 texts“The center is what makes any mutual understanding (any joint attention) possible, so disclosure is aimed at interrupting concealment of the conditions of such understanding.”
“The center is now whatever can be attended to—defined, treated, assessed, categorized, manipulated—by disciplinary metalanguages.”
Centered Ordinality
in 46 texts“We can sum this mapping of reality through social relations as “centered ordinality” (I mean no mathematical reference here): in any event , someone goes first, and being first means indicating the center around which activity will revolve, someone must go second (confirming and “standardizing” the initial gesture), third, and so on (al though I suspect that once we get past the third we will see diminishing analytical returns—we can place lots of people in the “third” category—and can just conclude the order with “last”). Centered ordinality accounts for hierarchically ordered and yet reciprocal social relations (the first must attend to the second, who is attending to the first, and so on), whether those manifested in consensually recognized pre-eminence in informal settings, or in complex and organized institutions.”
“Enacting and speaking in centered ordinality is the only way back to the center.”
Centeredness
in 12 texts“What makes GA, or more specifically “anthropomorphics” scientific here is that it posits, demonstrates and draws the conclusions from the inexorable centeredness of all human being.”
“We’re all always and only talking about how we are deferring violence but if we don’t all always know this it is because the sign can only refer to a single center, not centeredness in general. So, in entering others’ discourse we identify those signs where reference to a single center interferes with the reference to centeredness as such. This would transform the conversation into one centered on eliciting the distinction between centering and centeredness.”
Centering
in 56 texts“We can say, then, that centering is power. I have pointed out in previous posts (perhaps not for a while, though) that Eric Gans, in what we could call his originary history of humanity, locates the crucial turning point in the emergence of the “Big Man” who seizes the sacred center and becomes in charge of distribution.”
“The means of self-centering are distributed to all of us equipped with various devices (we might say “apps”) for leveraging, mobilizing and activating those means to wind us up as proxies for various liberalizing raids.”
Central Imaginary
in 8 texts“The sovereign (more recently: central) imaginary is what you arrive at when you utter some political desire (universal healthcare, no more immigration, etc.), imagine the kind of political authority that could satisfy that desire in such a way that you could recognize it to have been satisfied, further imagine the scenic conditions that could enable the stable continuation of that authority (because you don’t want you political desire met just for a single administration) and then consider whether that authority would in fact do what you want it to do because, after all, if it could do it, it wouldn’t have to and might have something very different in mind.”
“Once we have identified the central imaginary as the “topic” of our conversation, we can start to seek out imperatives from the center.”
Charismatic
in 9 texts“This is the point of Philip Rieff’s notion of “charisma”: the magnetic effect of a display of deferral and discipline beyond the capacity of the onlooker, in which one oscillates between exploiting the “leader”’s vulnerability and taking him as a model for engaging one’s own inner scene (an inner scene revealed for the first time through the example of the charismatic).”
“Charismatic disclosure is therefore “apocalyptic” in the more common sense, insofar as it is always combustible, always raises hackles and induces shrieks.”
Consciousness
in 50 texts“Human consciousness is a new awareness of others, as mediated by a sign.”
“First is to say that consciousness is only possible for soul or spirit.”
Contemplation
in 8 texts“To “contemplate,” in grammatical terms, means to try out new “comments” along with the topic. These might be comments or predicates more likely to gain us access to the topic, or at least so we hope, but they might be comments or predicates that place the topic even further beyond our original desire.”
“The framing effect of the sign results, according to the originary hypothesis, from the sacralization of the object through the convergence of the desires of the community; it is prerequisite not to perception itself but to the exclusive focusing of attention characteristic of esthetic contemplation.”
Culture
in 275 texts“Culture is a series of models of operationalization: the way we operationalize claims regarding the value of an object, is to place it on the market; if we want to operationalize a claim about nature we set up an experimental scene in which we can reduce the causal uncertainties to those we wish to study; if we want to operationalize claims about beauty we must draw the attention of others, or ourselves, in a sustained manner to the thing we find beautiful–in the inexhaustibility with which it attracts and enriches attention will lie its beauty; if we wish to operationalize claims about morality, we need to see place moral claims, or see them placed, within individual events, in some proximity to other kinds of claims and see under which conditions individuals will consider something “good’ enough to commit their honor to it; and, perhaps most difficult of all, in the sphere of law and politics, if we wish to operationalize claims about justice, right, and freedom, we must create and incessantly tend to institutions that concentrate, aggregate, display and limit power, and that can generate enclosed scenes in which abstract rules can construct the form under which we assess responsibility for events.”
“The proper use of declarative culture is to articulate all this, and engage others in its articulation.”
D
Declarative
in 240 texts“The declarative was invented in the course of deferring the imperative, so it follows that one trajectory of the declarative is to imagine the abolition of the imperative.”
“The declarative is born in terror of the imperative and, by extension, the ostensive, the latter of which it produces a virtual version of.”
Declarative Culture
in 29 texts“The striving toward universal agreement is propelled by the development of declarative culture as the negation of imperative and ostensive cultures.”
“The proper use of declarative culture is to articulate all this, and engage others in its articulation.”
Desacralization
in 14 texts“Secularization and desacralization is ultimately de-ritualization. The myths and ideas can’t be sustained without the ritual precisely because those myths and ideas were nothing more than representations ensuring that the rituals and the community performing them could be deemed the same over time as, of course, the communities and the rituals themselves changed.”
“Secularization and desacralization is ultimately de-ritualization.”
Description
in 66 texts“Rather than drawing lines between, say description and prescription, think in terms of increasingly precise and penetrating descriptions being increasing prescriptive, while the more precise your prescription the more detailed a description is entailed. What you see, notice and articulate immediately obligates you to interfere with the world in such a way and to see, notice and articulate more, which becomes a form of data exchange.”
“I think this description is accurate and the social transformation in itself beneficial, but, as it stands, massively forgetful.”
Desire
in 310 texts“Desire is generally understood in distinction from need, and in that way its specifically human quality is brought out—desire implicates us in the other, which for mimetic theory means those we imitate or, more broadly, are bound to through a web of models.”
“Desire is ultimately concerned, after all, not with appearance but with substance, appearance being only a means to an end.”
Disciplinarity
in 20 texts“The discipline is a social form that keeps “drilling down” below ever lower thresholds of significance, and this activity applies equally to the study of quarks and of conscience.”
“The political purpose of my study of disciplinarity is to get at the discursive roots, the roots in a habit of thinking, of “political philosophy,” in all its forms, including the most everyday, “popular” ones.”
Disciplinary Space
in 99 texts“A disciplinary space is organized around a sign oscillating between predictability and novelty—a discipline like sociology comes into being because something unrecognizable had emerged in human groups, something that didn’t fit terms like “community,” “nation,” “polis,” “republic,” “people,” “kingdom,” etc. Genuine disciplinary spaces tend to take shape in the corners of the established, institutionalized ones, through “satirical” repetitions of their founding gestures and concepts.”
“The disciplinary space is where we argue over these questions and construct such a center, and you have a disciplinary space when enough of these decisions have been made so that those within the discipline can readily generate new questions while those outside of the discipline would essentially be guessing if they tried.”
E
Embedment
in 10 texts“The traditionalist opposes abstraction in the name of full embedment, but the possibility of rejecting abstraction disappeared with the rise of divine kingship a few millennia ago. By now, the forms of embedment defended against abstraction are the results of previous abstractions that have been re-embedded.”
“By now, the forms of embedment defended against abstraction are the results of previous abstractions that have been re-embedded.”
Esthetic
in 48 texts“The aesthetic, then, involves the human, not the divine—it is our way of representing to each other the kinds of “poses” struck by other members of the community that guarantee (or fail to) that they are suitable to accompany us to sites of social distribution.”
“The esthetic is a postponement or deferral of sacrifice, and narrative is the exemplary esthetic form because it thematizes deferral, makes it explicit.”
Ethics
in 84 texts“Ethics concerns self-shaping, bringing one’s actions, and therefore one’s intellectual and emotional prompts to action, into a hierarchical order directed towards a center. No sustainable ethics can be immoral, but morality can’t dictate the content of ethics.”
“Ethics is concerned with creating practical models of human exchange against the background of the originary moral model of perfect reciprocity. Beyond this minimal configuration, there is no “just” or “good” society to serve ethics as a utopian model.”
Exemplary Victim
in 11 texts“The exemplary victim is the one whose path we could follow as a means of salvation while always falling infinitely short of the example.”
“The exemplary victim is the one whose path we could follow as a means of salvation while always falling infinitely short of the example.”
Explanation
in 67 texts“But if the sacred is identical to the significant, then any explanation is, knowingly or not, simply further inquiry into and commentary on the sacred center, and hence dependent on it.”
“And the libertarian explanation is… well, other than some vague references to our having forgotten our principles, it doesn’t seem to me they really have one—which would be why someone like Ron Paul exceeds even the most fevered Leftists in his conspiracy-mongering.”
F
Firstness
in 55 texts“My original formulation of “firstness,” that is, the claim that someone on the originary scene had to emit the sign first, albeit in a way that could not be recognized as such until it has circulated among the group, was very explicitly aimed at the problem posed by the assumption of the unanimity of sign issuance in Gans’s account of the scene”
“It is to the freedom that made the sign possible in the first place, and that permits its use to transcend the symmetry of the communal sharing of meaning that makes human existence possible, that I have given the name of firstness , in order to emphasize the impossibility of avoiding priority even in the most utopian vision of the human community. It is essential to point out that the exchange of signs, and similar cultural acts, are the only ones that permit the seamless adoption of an individual’s innovation by the entire community, and that it is precisely this possibility of firstness that makes it the foundation of the human community.”
Frame
in 167 texts“To frame is to rule, and to target ways to enhance discipline is to frame.”
“If your frame is wrong, that’s the only way you’ll ever find out anyway.”
Framing
in 82 texts“So, framing is ruling and framing is playing. It’s ruling for the one who is both inside and outside the game, and being both inside and outside of the game is itself a form of discipline—being outside of the game you participate in is possible insofar as you know that the positions and moves in the game are ways of framing and channeling resentments that have their origins elsewhere and must be staged and unfolded in an orderly manner in order to be reconciled to reality.”
“Everyone must speak for the same amount of time?), the deliberative process is impaired, and if that framing is encouraged, it will impair the process beyond repair.”
Free will
in 14 texts“all the questions of “will” and “free will” generated by the alignment of a verb with a subject (he ran, she threw the ball, they danced, we refused to participate, etc.) can be approached in a completely different way by simply positing an imperative initiating these actions.”
“The real question of free will refers to our responsibility for our acts, and the moral notion of responsibility, which derives fairly directly from the moral model instituted at the originary event, is itself a highly determining factor (what Freud called the superego ) in our behavior.”
Freedom
in 183 texts“Freedom is whatever you can do within and with the rules. Rules emerge in any space where violence has been sufficiently deferred so that it can be kept out of mind, and they are as thick (exclusive and prescriptive) as they need to be in order to keep it out of mind.”
“The notion that equality and freedom are competing values is false to the core.”
G
Grammatical Stack
in 8 texts“I’m going to follow up here on the notion of the “grammatical stack,” or the imperative to “line up” the speech forms (ostensive>imperative>interrogative>declarative>imperative>ostensive) so as to approximate maximum internal referentiality across the speech forms.”
“To input the miraculous to the grammatical stack is to hypothesize wildly from the slightest sample.”
I
Identity
in 87 texts“Identities will take on names, but more fundamentally the notion refers here to style, figuration, and idiom. Your maintenance of an identity, given to as much as taken by you, is the way you know things and make things known to others.”
“If the difference between the two is reduced to the infinitesimal, the two will be changing positions, so your identity is simultaneously that of a learner as well as teacher.”
Imperative
in 354 texts“The assumption, drawn from the originary hypothesis, that the ostensive sign is the primary linguistic form, with the imperative closely tied to the ostensive as a demand to make the indicated object present, enables us to sharpen our sense of the linguistic role of the declarative sentence.”
“The imperative is dependent on extra-linguistic real time in a way the ostensive is not.”
Imperative Culture
in 8 texts“This progressive relation to the center is what I have been calling “imperative culture,” or the “imperative order,” or “imperativity.” The center issues commands, commands with their origins in the injunction to suspend appropriation of the object on the originary scene; the participants on any cultural scene make requests of the center.”
“What emerges within this imperative culture is a continual attempt to reduce the difference between performance and effect.”
Imperative Exchange
in 51 texts“Our most fundamental orientation to the world is one of what we could call an “imperative exchange,” best represented by prayer: I will do what you (or, really “Thou”) instruct me, and Thou will in turn… well, the instructions we give in trying to strike a deal with God vary quite a bit, but even the atheists among us think in terms of following rule (imperative) X so that others will follow rule (imperative) Y.”
“The imperative exchange is replaced by a declarative culture in which the voice issuing the absolute imperative is always in dialogue with you to the extent that you defer the immediate imperatives to sacrifice either the target of your resentment or some proxy.”
Imperative Gap
in 27 texts“There is always an “imperative gap” between the command issued and the command obeyed—no order can be obeyed without at least some degree of discretion being exercised. The practice of commanding is both to minimize this gap and to fill it with preceding exemplars, previous decisions, and previous exercises of discretion which can be translated for current purposes, along with an entire sensory and investigatory apparatus to follow up on and therefore inform obedience to the imperative.”
“The work of closing the imperative gap is conducted in “disciplinary spaces,” which are retrievals of the originary scene/event.”
Imperative of the Center
in 17 texts“The need for maintaining or restoring presence itself derives from the originary scene—we can say, a little anachronistically, that preserving linguistic presence is the first imperative of the center. And what it meant first of all was that each member on the scene ensure that his sign was the same as that issued by others.”
“The problem of access to the imperative of the center is the problem of institution building, of data security and scenic design practices.”
Imperativity
in 16 texts“This progressive relation to the center is what I have been calling “imperative culture,” or the “imperative order,” or “imperativity.” The center issues commands, commands with their origins in the injunction to suspend appropriation of the object on the originary scene; the participants on any cultural scene make requests of the center.”
“Within interrogative imperativity, declaratives take on a far wider scope, that of converting possible (and impossible) imperative exchanges into a rule or constraint for deferring “analogous” imperative exchanges.”
Individualism
in 17 texts“Don’t look at me as a “_____,” the individual demands, look at me as… the other of “_____.” Individualism is a kind of negative gnostic theology. David Graeber’s discussion in Debt: the First 5,000 Years emphasizes the violence intrinsic to this abstraction of individuals from their dependencies.”
“Don’t look at me as a “_____,” the individual demands, look at me as… the other of “_____.” Individualism is a kind of negative gnostic theology.”
Inquiry
in 273 texts“Inquiry is a act of marking and unmarking—when we are converging on the object, the object is marked for destruction, but once the sign is issued we attend, first, from the sign to the object, unmarking the formal sign and sharing our marking of the object; and then, second, we attend from the object to each other, thereby unmarking the object (which is to say unmarking everyone’s defense of, resentment on behalf of, the object) and marking our own now evident, because naked, desire for the object and resentment toward the others.”
“The inquiry into resentment, which is always the resentment of specific selves and others, is presumably part of culture, so this inquiry is itself part of the impossible attempt to represent and defer its own resentment.”
Intentionality
in 45 texts“I have argued previously for the priority of “attentionality” over “intentionality”—attention must precede intention, and “intention” individualizes what is “joint” in attention, making it more of a declarative than an ostensive concept. We can trace the emergence of intentionality from attentionality, whether by “intentionality” we mean the more philosophical notion of constituting an object or the more everyday use of the term as meaning to do something.”
“Intentionality is not simply will, but the will to produce a certain effect, not out of “instinct” but as an at least potentially thematized reality.”
Internal Scene of Representation
in 10 texts“One’s internal scene of representation is the mental space within which we conceive the meaning of language, as when listening to another or reading a book. Such an individual space, however implemented in our nervous system, must have begun to exist in the originary event itself, or in any case in the memory of those who had participated in the event and its early repetitions.”
“One’s internal scene of representation is the mental space within which we conceive the meaning of language, as when listening to another or reading a book.”
Interrogative
in 80 texts“Intervening between the imperative and the declarative is the interrogative; an interrogative is a softened imperative, which is to say, an imperative coming to recognize that it might not be fulfilled, and therefore transitioning from a command to do something to a demand for information regarding the possibility of doing it.”
“The interrogative is a prolonged imperative, which is to say an imperative that understands it may not be obeyed.”
J
Justice
in 170 texts“The assumption, though, is still that distribution comes from the center: justice is the distribution to each of his due, whatever that means and however it is to be determined.”
“The imperial institution of justice is therefore quite hostile to the heads and chiefs and the extended kinship relations they embody.”
L
Law
in 265 texts“Needless to say, every law is enforced (or left unenforced) by someone. What the “rule of law” really means is that power has no final destination. For every person who can enforce the laws with regards to others, there’s someone who can enforce the law upon him.”
“The law is sufficient, that is, to continually generate hypotheses of the law’s emergence and revised terms of its evolution, to maintain its divine sanction while reducing that sanction to maintaining the collegiality and accountability of its interpreters and the inexhaustibility of the shared text.”
Legitimacy
in 99 texts“Now we can speak of something equivalent to “legitimacy,” or the intrinsic relation between ostensive and imperative, as residing in the more specific origin of any community. The communist or liberal or revolutionary or usurpationist origin of the country where you find your obligations, then, cannot be “illegitimate.””
“If indeed my continued Fukuyama-like assertion of the superiority of liberal democracy is correct, then there is no “higher” argument for one side or the other; the very existence of two matched parties suggests that they have equal legitimacy and that that legitimacy is itself the highest political value. The seemingly hypocritical condition of political debate in which the sides contest each other’s legitimacy on an intellectual level while accepting it on a procedural level is the paradoxical foundation of liberal democracy.”
Linguistic Presence
in 53 texts“There is a term that Gans uses throughout The Origin of Language that I think can be translated directly into “sustain the center”: “linguistic presence.” Maintaining linguistic presence is the urgent imperative that takes us through the succession of speech acts, from the ostensive, through the imperative and to the declarative. At each point a potential break in linguistic presence, which always means a potential outbreak of violence, is what forces the transition from one speech form to another.”
“Linguistic presence is not a “channel” of communication, and al though for the higher linguistic forms, the channel analogy is an adequate approximation in most cases, it cannot help us to understand the origin of these forms.”
Linguistic Turn
in 12 texts“Gans' originary hypothesis completes the "linguistic turn" of 20th century thought—the intuition guiding the dismantling of metaphysics by 20th century thinkers was that language doesn't represent some external and independent reality; on the contrary, language, or more generally, signs, is constitutive of anything we can call a human reality. What Gans' hypothesis does is explain why language is constitutive: because it was through the sign that our immediate ancestors transcended the mimetic rivalry that perpetually threatened their existence by discovering/inventing a way of deferring violence.”
“The reason for the linguistic turn is that the metaphysical scene of humanism, predicated upon the metalinguistics of literacy, could no longer effectively defer violence.”
Literacy
in 116 texts“literacy is invented so as to refer to realm of the implicit in framing the speech of others. This reduces the intensity of imitation and allows for the emergence of a space of de-escalated imitation that we can pretend isn’t imitation at all.”
“Literacy is crucially involved in the shift in the heroic narrative from the “Promethean” (and doomed) struggle against the center to the victim who exemplifies what we can now see as the unholy, even Satanic, violence of the imperial center.”
Logocentrism
in 18 texts“Jacques Derrida’s concept of “logocentrism” posits that Western metaphysics presupposes that writing is a representation of speech, and therefore approximates speech in a secondary, dependent way. Speech, in logocentric terms, involves “self-presence”: the speaker is identical to his intentions, which are therefore transparent to the speaker.”
“If logocentrism is really phallocentrism, Eurocentrism, etc., then the critique of metaphysics is essentially volley in a partisan political battle, rather than an attempt to disclose a more originary presentation of human being than metaphysics allows.”
Love
in 120 texts“Love is ceding centrality to the other. And anything named by sovereign resentment can be treated as a center, and loved accordingly. The beloved is an endless source of names.”
“In other words, what converts desire into love is that the object breaks out of the vicious circle of desire by giving promise of continual mystery and by making the desirer such an object him or her self.”
M
Markets
in 75 texts“Markets represent forms of delegation by the central authority—markets are areas of social life that are not under direct sovereign supervision.”
“The market is constituted by its anxiety about its own future existence.”
Meaning
in 307 texts“Meaning, then, is the maintenance of the field of semblances, that is, the condition where all signs are objects and all objects signs, in varying degrees and articulations. Once even something so trivial as a piece of food (where there is plenty) becomes only food and not at all a sign of some mode of sharing, meaning collapses; once even the most abstract or stylized articulation of signs can no longer be “inhabited”—converted into a set of practices—the same thing happens.”
“Meaning is ultimately grounded in ostensivity—to put it crudely, any utterance points at something, tells you what to notice.”
Media
in 279 texts“So, originary media is a network, a set of invisible lines we could hypothetically draw connecting the sensorium of each of the scene’s participants to each other’s, but also to all the different “parts” (what counts as a “part” depends on the vision, embedded in a body in motion or stasis) of all the others’ bodies.”
“The media is already preparing the narrative of Obama the rescuer, “like” Lincoln and FDR.”
Metalanguage
in 72 texts“So, there’s no sense in which language is more real than metalanguage; and metalanguage is just as much a use of language as any other: it directs attention to uses of language, while language directs our attention to the centered world, but language is itself part of the centered world. Metalanguage is the pedagogical dimension within language, which means that the primary sin of metalanguage is assessing uses of language without issuing operable imperatives: assessments of the language use of others devoid of operable imperatives is the way I would define “cant.””
“The metalanguage is the anomaly, and therefore the crisis, not its distortions.”
Metaphysics
in 82 texts“I worked with Eric Gans’s argument that metaphysics is a belief that the declarative sentence is the primary linguistic form—as I suggested, this leads to the assumption that language is essentially a mode of information transmission, rather than a means of conflict reduction, which further means that language is a means of control through asymmetrical information flows. I would now strengthen that claim as follows: metaphysics is the attempt to subordinate other elementary linguistic forms to the declarative, which means to eliminate them as independent forms.”
“Metaphysics is the attempt to rectify language when such events force language into self-reflexive states so that we can continue to look through language; originary grammar tries to articulate looking at language and with language with looking through language.”
Mimesis
in 65 texts“My starting assumption is that humans are mimetic beings: we learn everything we learn by imitation.”
“Mimesis is an excellent foundation for talking about the human because it provides a minimal version of human sameness that immediately opens onto a vista of human difference.”
Mimetic Crisis
in 60 texts“Gans assumes that the mimetic crisis is organized around some object of appetitive attention—most likely some food source, perhaps a recent kill.”
“My starting assumption is that humans are mimetic beings: we learn everything we learn by imitation.”
Mimetic Desire
in 34 texts“For Girard, this mimetic desire is a source of conflict and tension within societies, and it is mitigated through the act of focusing the cumulative mimetic desires of a society on a single individual who becomes a scapegoat.”
“We can certainly attribute to mimetic desire the “cause” for a particular act, but mimetic desire is always mediated through language.”
Money
in 158 texts“Money is the concrete realization of this sign of recognition; it bears a “meaning” but as opposed to the ordinary sign, it is a credit drawn on the sacred that cannot be freely reproduced.”
“Money is used first of all for internal bureaucratic accounting in the ancient empires.”
Morality
in 118 texts“When we moralize, we want the imperatives we follow or issue to be backed by the currency of indicatives—as the imperatives in the Decalogue need the backing of "I am the Lord thy God…" This is because morality is a system of imperatives, and a system of imperatives requires something other than an imperative to provide articulation—indicatives embed the imperatives in a shared reality, perhaps, especially, a commanded reality.”
“Teleology and morality are fully implicit in the originary structure.”
Myth
in 63 texts“Myth provides a narrative explanation for the vagaries of the imperative exchange that is ritual: the community gives what is prescribed to the central being, who, in return, ensures that the community will have more of the sustenance out of which a portion is returned to the central being.”
“We need not share Girard’s realist etiology to accept the view that myth is an attempt to make plausible the creation of significance in an event through the projection back into the past of a model of human intentionality (“anthropomorphism”). As sign-users, we reenact the origin of the sign that defers violence. Such tales may be detached from their original ritual context.”
N
Naming
in 81 texts“Naming is performative, like christening a ship or marrying a couple, activities that manifest the most basic social traditions. In a sense, that is what a tradition entails—a reciprocally constituting system of names.”
“Naming is performative, like christening a ship or marrying a couple, activities that manifest the most basic social traditions.”
Narrative
in 138 texts“It is now clear to me that the conversion of ritual/myth into practice/hypothesis implies the opposition to narrative, which is really the continuation of myth. Narrative is always sacrificial, regardless of the best efforts of its most sophisticated practitioners.”
“Originary analysis provides a simple explanation for the failure of attempts to define the “grammar” of narrative: narrative begins not with articulated language but with the originary sign. What makes storytelling a useful paradigm for culture in general is precisely the absence of any simple correspondence between the formal structures of language and the institutional structures of narrative.”
Nihilism
in 13 texts“I want to suggest that the interaction between ostensive and imperative produces the possibility of something we might call “originary nihilism,” which is to say, a situation in which, due to colliding imperatives, or later imperatives that undermine the earlier ones, or subsidiary imperatives that don’t fit the central ones, there is no longer an “object” the parties involved can point to in order to verify compliance with the imperative.”
“Nihilism is a mode of thinking that, since Nietzsche, we have been constrained to acknowledge as our own homegrown response to all transcendence, to all valuations. Nietzsche described it as the will to nothing as preferable to no will at all.”
Nominalization
in 13 texts“Divination is human imagination, and the way we do that now is primarily through nominalization, which creates new objects. Look at what happened above: the verbs “do” and “happen” morphed into the nouns “doings” and “happenings,” and this happened as soon as it became possible to examine the relationship between them.”
“A nominalization is “redeemed” in the same way, through the organization of “congregants” who can generate ostensives singularizing the nominalization.”
O
Occupied Center
in 26 texts“One’s place in relation to the signifying center is fundamentally questionable, even if one’s relation to the occupied center is not—hence the discrepancy.”
“The occupied center is still taken as a kind of accident, acceptable only insofar as we can reduce the occupant to the implementation of one of these concepts.”
Originary Event
in 77 texts“The originary scene is a transition from the animal order governed by the Alpha to a human order governed by the center.”
“The originary event is a sample of humanity because all members of the group became sampling samples there.”
Originary Grammar
in 58 texts“What originary grammar does to help us articulate rather than simply list the verbs in the metalanguage is ground verbs in the imperative world.”
“Anyone interested in what my originary grammar is doing at the moment, here is my latest post on JCRT Live http://jcrt.typepad.com/jcrt_live/2009/03/originary-grammar-part-2.html”
Originary Hypothesis
in 160 texts“The originary hypothesis is easily summed up in a couple of paragraphs, at most, and all it really assumes is that human beings are mimetic creatures.”
“The originary scene is a transition from the animal order governed by the Alpha to a human order governed by the center.”
Originary Memory
in 8 texts“Originary memory is taking care of language—by which I don’t mean trying to maintain it as a transparent vehicle of communication, or ensuring that words be used in their proper meaning; what I mean is that everything anyone says makes it possible to say something else that couldn’t have been said otherwise, and that in articulating one of those things that couldn’t have been said otherwise one remembers by carrying forward the very first utterance that made everything said since then possible. It is by thus heading back into the past, enriching the originary scene with everything that has happened since and therefore, in a sense, happened there, is still happening there, that we open up possible futures.”
“Cognition as Originary Memory The shift in focus, in cognitive theory, from the relation between mind and objects in the world to the relation between minds mediated by inter-subjectivity, brings it into dialogue with originary thinking.”
Originary Satire
in 24 texts“The representation of the temptation of transgression within the impossibilization of victimization is originary satire. We are always presenting, at different levels of explicitness and awareness, hypotheses regarding the desires and resentments informing others’ actions.”
“Originary satire is clearly lashon hara, which means I have a differend to work with here.”
Originary Scene
in 281 texts“The originary scene is a transition from the animal order governed by the Alpha to a human order governed by the center.”
“The originary scene is commemorated in ritual, and the specific movements, arrangements and props that organize the scene through the accretion of the memories of the group in its ongoing dialogue with the center is the origin of technology.”
Originary Sign
in 38 texts“The originary sign is iconic and ostensive, because it is constitutive—that is, it establishes the very conditions under which iconic and ostensive signs are possible; but it does so ostensively and iconically.”
“A sign is the deferral of violence.”
Originary Thinking
in 84 texts“Ultimately, originary thinking is a way of tracing all the frames it comes across back to their origins, and through those origins, the origin of language and humanity.”
“I don’t deny that originary thinking is also compatible with liberalism, just that it only and intrinsically is so.”
Ostensive
in 218 texts“The assumption, drawn from the originary hypothesis, that the ostensive sign is the primary linguistic form, with the imperative closely tied to the ostensive as a demand to make the indicated object present, enables us to sharpen our sense of the linguistic role of the declarative sentence.”
“The ostensive is meaningless in the absence of its referent; the declarative can do without a real-world referent.”
P
Paradox
in 110 texts“A paradox is any sentence that puts forward a claim or rule to which it is itself the exception, but any sentence and any discourse paradoxically refers to, talks about, a world created by and therefore always running in advance of and behind the sentence or discourse itself.”
“Paradox is constitutive of power and sovereignty as well, a point of supreme importance for absolutism.”
Performativity
in 17 texts“The reliance of any utterance on the possibility of a verifying ostensive somewhere down the road is what makes language irreducibly performative (and therefore demands that performativity be made explicit and central) but the imperative amplifies and activates that performativity and makes it technological.”
“The seemingly radical implication of performativity is that social roles rely upon ongoing participation and therefore revision and adaptation and can therefore always be taken up differently.”
Politics
in 287 texts“Politics is the establishment of an arena in which actors compete perpetually, but with distinctly marked victories and defeats determining the power to make and implement laws, before a qualified audience (qualified in the sense of allowed seats in the arena, so to speak, and in the sense of being the arbiter of victory), and without violence. The space in which politics is set is sacred, in being both commonly held and inviolable—state houses, houses of presidents, public squares, etc.”
“Politics is sure to channel such resentments, compromising the independence of independent arbiters of insurance contracts.”
Post-Sacrificial
in 36 texts“In a post-sacrificial order, there are no more exchanges with the gods, or even God: what God has given us is everything and incommensurable with any return; what each of us gives to God is also everything, all of us, even in the knowledge of its utter inadequacy.”
“The post-sacrificial epoch would better (and more positively) be called the epoch of the absolute imperative, a concept I take from Philip Rieff.”
Power
in 550 texts“In order to make it the point, we can begin by pointing out that power comes from the center, and the center comes from deferral. Insofar as someone occupies the center of a scene, that person wields power.”
“Power is both a priori and provisional, a location and its occupant.”
Practice
in 287 texts“A practice is something that one or some do, that can be done again and be the same thing. A practice is a doing in the middle of things that are happening. Part of the practice, then, is marking the difference between what you are doing and what is happening.”
“The practice is the transposition of a sample from one field to another, in such a way that the fields are converted into elements appropriable by the practice.”
Presencing
in 14 texts“Transcendence has us protect the separateness of the object; presencing is interested in the continuity of the scene—the object, then, would tend to devolve into a series of more or less premeditated pretexts for doing so. We keep scenes going by iterating the sign which constitutes it—there are so many ways of doing this that they couldn’t be catalogued in advance; indeed, any iteration only discovers what it is doing in the midst of doing it.”
“The model for this kind of semiotic presencing is sovereignty: you acknowledge that my utterance has brought into being a world you must find your way in and sustain.”
R
Rationality
in 22 texts“Both attitudes actually help in creating what we know as “rationality,” i.e., both calculation of costs and benefits (looking at a plant’s properties, say, without any reference to its ritual uses) and a skepticism about sacrificial rituals that lead to a disaffection with those rituals.”
“The Otherness of the Trojans invades the world of the Iliad as an incentive to rationality, that is, the substitution of market for ritual exchange.”
Reactionary
in 62 texts“I think that the central theoretical difference between GA as a liberal political theory and GA as a reactionary theory is that the former sees the marketplace as decentered and the latter contends that there are always centers, to which any marketplace (or portion of a larger marketplace) is subordinate.”
“Reactionary politics wants the levels of adjudication all named up.”
Reification
in 13 texts“To name is both to reify, to create a role independent of whoever fills it, and to singularize, insofar as we can always distinguish between those who more or less adequately or authoritatively “inhabit” that name. the reification is then less an alienation or objectification than the creation of a new set of capacities.”
“So, nominalization, which is the linguistic and therefore more fundamental form of “reification” and “hypostatization” is a descendent of the originary sign. A nominalization is “redeemed” in the same way, through the organization of “congregants” who can generate ostensives singularizing the nominalization.”
Reliability
in 24 texts“Michael Tomasello argues that the earliest declarative sentences—utterances beyond the imperative—concerned commentary on the reliability of other individuals as potential participants in common activity. That is, the earliest “vocation” of sentences was to establish reputation and authority—the very thing needed to authorize the sentence itself.”
“Those who take the war against the SJWs as the primary political task, then, will find it necessary to expose, systematically, the gap between nominal citizenship (and the legal and political apparatuses defining it) and real markers of civilizational reliability. It is a primary strategy of the left to exacerbate that gap, because the formal criteria for ascertaining rights can be enforced by the state in the face of markers of reliability; the counter-strategy is to expose the resulting entitlements as deliberate repudiations of even gestures of reliability.”
Representation
in 184 texts“The originary hypothesis extends and revises Rene Girard’s analysis of mimetic rivalry: according to the originary hypothesis, the first sign emerged in a single event, a mimetic crisis in which the (proto) human group arrested their common and self-destructive convergence upon a common object by putting forward what Gans calls an “aborted gesture of appropriation.” Representation, then, is the deferral of violence, as is, therefore, all of culture.”
“The deferral of violence through representation is what we are “meant” to do.”
Resentment
in 307 texts“Resentment is the emotion (?) or attitude (?) one has towards whomever denies you your desire.”
“Victimary thinking is, most fundamentally, resentment towards civilization—a resentment only possible for the civilized, or those in close proximity to them.”
Rights
in 259 texts“Indeed, the entire panoply of modern rights is composed of demands made upon the center, in the form of the state, to both protect citizens from each other and to restrain itself.”
“We could say, instead, that rights are rooted in one’s participation in a gift economy.”
Ritual
in 280 texts“Ritual is an exchange with the center: the participant fulfills some command of the center while making a request of the center.”
“Ritual is modified with the emergence of the imperative out of the ostensive.”
S
Sacrality
in 73 texts“The sacred is what holds our joint attention and enables us to attend to each other’s attending to.”
“The underlying identity of significance and sacrality is not a mere metaphor.”
Satire
in 51 texts“Satire is effectively total, and includes itself. Satire sees everyone as aspirants for some center who fail to see the inessentiality of that aspiration, which is to say, its roots in mimetic desire and resentment.”
“Satire is the medium in which such a winnowing out would be enacted, and for the satire to be trustworthy the ruler would have to be on the stage as well.”
Scapegoating
in 106 texts“Scapegoating is also always against the center--even when the occupant of the center leads it. The claim implicit in scapegoating is that the center has been usurped by someone "behind the scenes."”
“Scapegoating is particularly alarming today, with the weapons of mass destruction at our disposal and the ways instantaneous media facilitate mob-like reactions to events.”
Scene
in 446 texts“That a scene must be organized around some mimetic crisis—actual, imminent, anticipated, simulated as a kind of rehearsal—which the sign constitutive of the scene frames and defers sharpens the question: how and when do we know when a scene has been closed and what does this knowledge consist of?”
“The scene is completed simply by having a “critical mass” of participants see each other this way, because enough people seeing each other this way and showing that they see each other this way is the sign.”
Scene of Representation
in 20 texts“If we are to speak of an internal scene of representation, it must be composed as any scene—by means of a sign of deferral of some appropriation that would, if attempted, destroy the scene.”
“The scene of representation is the sacred space in which the new dimension of the sign originates and is shared and internalized as a cultural memory within a universally maintained history recallable by each individual as the memory of the sign. But this same space is by the same token a potential space of violence.”
Scenic design
in 60 texts“Technics is the continual reinscription of the scene—scenic design practices are events within scenes that design scenes in ways that facilitate new events.”
“So, the work of scenic design is the translation of events designed into narrative form into the terms of a possible practice.”
Scientism
in 9 texts“The mistake of modern scientism was to insist upon a single vocabulary to describe all of reality, which leads one to ruthlessly extirpate all other vocabularies, as they can only appear as obfuscating competitors.”
“What is ignored by this scientism is the anthropological origins of the juridical form, which lie in the suppression of the vendetta (which would mean that the discussion of appropriate punishment must always find reference to some lower threshold that might reignite the vendetta).”
Semantic Primes
in 34 texts“Wierzbicka has discovered a set of what she calls “Natural Semantic Primes”—that is, words, exact translations of which exist in every language. Another way of defining and testing the primes is to say they are words that can’t be paraphrased by other words, without those other words ultimately having to be paraphrased using the primes themselves.”
“The “speech words” among the semantic primes are “say,” “words,” “true” (not even “false”).”
Sign
in 337 texts“A sign is the deferral of violence.”
“The sign is both the invention and the memory of that insight, an insight which must have been available on the scene to someone positioned so as to witness a simultaneous escalation and de-escalation in different “sectors” of the scene.”
Significance
in 80 texts“Rather than viewing the significant as an attenuated form of the sacred, we can re-frame the issue by attributing “significance” to the sign and sacrality to the object.”
“But that the first word is the name-of-God tells us that significance is not a product of disinterested contemplation, but exists to defer the violence of crisis.”
Signification
in 28 texts“I think a better framing of “signification” can start from one of Wierzbicka’s primes: the word “same.” When we speak about the “meaning” or “sense” of a word, what we are saying is that it is the same word in its different uses. This “sameness” is verified, or affirmed, or authenticated, along with each use—this is the “Name-of-God” implicit in every utterance.”
“Signification is not a mechanism ; its functioning depends on the fact that each use of a “symbolic” sign reactivates, with vastly diminished affect, the originary sacred context. This context is, however little we are conscious of it, a collective one; the sign is a mode of communication whose reduction to a solipsistic recording of thought distorts its function beyond repair. In the originary event, the movement of appropriative intent toward the object becomes a signifying gesture representing the object.”
Signifying Center
in 24 texts“So, the "signifying center" is the meaning with which we imbue the occupied center and all its branches.”
“The center is what makes any mutual understanding (any joint attention) possible, so disclosure is aimed at interrupting concealment of the conditions of such understanding.”
Signing
in 10 texts“We can reduce the issuance of the sign on the originary scene to a minimal conversion of a gesture of appropriation to a gesture of deferral—we can readily imagine grasping for something and in the midst of it, slowing down, even slightly, perhaps opening up one’s hand in an only partially articulated disavowal.”
“Verification of the “truth” of the ostensive sign is inherent in the signing act itself; to emit a linguistic or “symbolic” sign is ipso facto not to appropriate its referent, and the sign’s prolongation contains within it an implicit promise of continued non-appropriation.”
Sovereign Imaginary
in 10 texts“A while back I formulated the concept of the “sovereign imaginary.” This concept represents the assumption anyone makes who expresses a desire or some resentment, who says “we should…” or “someone should…,” regarding some authority who could do the thing “we should” do. If you say “Medicare for all,” you imply a model of a state that would implement Medicare for all and would do so in the way you intend.”
“A sovereign imaginary implies a staffing of the officer class.”
Sovereignty
in 197 texts“But it seems that a time will come when the second option is chosen, and the ruler, whether the traditionally anointed one or his usurper, will have to assert sovereignty, a new mode of centrality that claims and enforces the right to be the judge of last resort in all disputes involving lower centers of power.”
“Sovereignty is the defense of the line qualifying the actors and audience.”
Sparagmos
in 32 texts“Gans hypothesizes a “sparagmos,” a violent tearing apart of the central object driven by resentment at the object for “refusing” itself, however momentarily, to the group’s appetite.”
“In this case, the participants in the sparagmos are essentially summarizing the scene to each other.”
T
Teaching
in 59 texts“Teaching is always a gift to a stranger, even if the teacher and student are close friends, because we are meeting on a yet to be generated scene of joint attention, and on that scene we will become different from what we are. Learning is to incur a debt that can only be paid forward, to other strangers, even if one of those strangers is the teacher himself.”
“Teaching is always a gift to a stranger, even if the teacher and student are close friends, because we are meeting on a yet to be generated scene of joint attention, and on that scene we will become different from what we are.”
Technics
in 35 texts“How do we solve problems, especially technical problems—but that means all problems, because technics is nothing more than the construction, maintenance, and modification of the scenes upon which we act.”
“Technics is the continual reinscription of the scene—scenic design practices are events within scenes that design scenes in ways that facilitate new events.”
Technology
in 158 texts“Indeed, technology is the dominant form of power. If technology presents itself to us as an enormous system of interlocking imperatives which provides a very precise slot for us to insert our own imperatives, who or what is at the center? What ostensive sign generates the system of imperatives? Technology is completely bound up with the specific forms the centralization of power takes in the wake of the desacralization of power.”
“Technology is imperative—what we become capable of doing becomes what we have no choice but to do.”
The Big Scene
in 15 texts“The Big Scene is big in size and in consequences, but most importantly it is big in the sense of limitless because it is a scene constructed, not around a center, but in order to prevent the emergence of a center.”
“The Big Scene is big in size and in consequences, but most importantly it is big in the sense of limitless because it is a scene constructed, not around a center, but in order to prevent the emergence of a center.”
The West
in 80 texts“I reduce “the West” to a simple observation or definition: the West is where the problem of “tyranny” is a perpetual concern. Is there even a concept like “dictator” in any other civilization?”
“The West is the inheritor of the Big Man revolution—as for why this should be the case, well, here we can welcome all those intellectual, political and even genetic genealogies of the West.”
Thinking
in 522 texts“So, to get started, thinking is obeying the imperative to suspend all imperatives: in this suspension, imperatives approach or occur to one, appearing as possibilities which the thinker in his/her detachment follows; ultimately, the emergence of one imperative after another leads us to the founding imperative of thought, to cease obeying commands directing us to efface the ostensive sign.”
“A model of thinking is always a model of a disciplinary space.”
Thirdness
in 22 texts“Thirdness is the recipient and normalization of the interplay of firstness and secondness, founding and institutionalization, but it is also the position of the witness or spectator. The ability to detach yourself sufficiently from ongoing events so as to observe them as an unfolding drama is an originary source of thinking, morality and esthetics.”
“Thirdness is the recipient and normalization of the interplay of firstness and secondness, founding and institutionalization, but it is also the position of the witness or spectator.”
Threshold of Significance
in 26 texts“I think we could say that lowering the threshold of significance is the way we conserve linguistic presence: what threatens linguistic presence is the loss of a shared center that we could point to; by lowering the threshold of significance we place a newly identified object at that center. So, right away we can talk about “thinking” or “cognition” as the discipline of conserving linguistic presence by lowering the threshold of significance.”
“I think we could say that lowering the threshold of significance is the way we conserve linguistic presence: what threatens linguistic presence is the loss of a shared center that we could point to; by lowering the threshold of significance we place a newly identified object at that center.”
Truth
in 181 texts“You speak your mind in order, to refer to the Eastern European dissidents like Vaclev Havel, to “live in truth,” and, as I said before, the truth is on the borderline where scapegoating is as difficult to resist as it is to carry out, with the emphasis on “live” suggesting that it’s better to make the scapegoating ever so slightly the more difficult .”
“The truth is, you can’t argue about abuses of the civil rights legal and political inheritance without being forced to disentangle what from that inheritance is worthy of preservation.”
Tyranny
in 60 texts“Tyranny is the manifestation of and response to greed and the desire for domination, “passions” liberated on the post-sacral market.”
“Tyranny is the manifestation of and response to greed and the desire for domination, “passions” liberated on the post-sacral market.”
U
Universalism
in 11 texts“Universalism is really the imagining of the world under a single empire—not necessarily under the rule of a single individual or institution (but maybe that as well), but certainly all subject to the same regime of rights and their enforcement. To contend for universalism is to make war on the particulars—that is, everyone less universal than you take yourself to be.”
“Universalism is the fantasy that all humans are occupying the same disciplinary space.”
V
Victimary Thinking
in 38 texts“Victimary thinking is, most fundamentally, resentment towards civilization—a resentment only possible for the civilized, or those in close proximity to them.”
“Victimary thinking is, most fundamentally, resentment towards civilization—a resentment only possible for the civilized, or those in close proximity to them.”
W
Wisdom
in 42 texts“Wisdom, we can say, is the bringing to bear of the paradoxical nature of human existence as a means of deferral of sacrifice.”
“What we should dare to call the beginning of wisdom is the realization that at the origin, significant and sacred are synonymous.”
Sociality
in 26 texts